{"id":4065,"date":"2024-07-22T12:03:10","date_gmt":"2024-07-22T11:03:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fluentbe.com\/pl\/blog\/?p=4065"},"modified":"2025-07-04T17:12:25","modified_gmt":"2025-07-04T16:12:25","slug":"reported-speech","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fluentbe.com\/pl\/blog\/reported-speech\/","title":{"rendered":"Reported Speech | Naucz si\u0119 jej na PROSTYCH przyk\u0142adach! \ud83c\udf1f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Reported speech, czyli mowa zale\u017cna w j\u0119zyku angielskim wygl\u0105da bardzo podobnie do tej po polsku. Przede wszystkim s\u0142u\u017cy nam do tego samego \u2013 pozwala na przedstawienie czyjej\u015b wypowiedzi bez dos\u0142ownego cytowania tej osoby. Jest wi\u0119c bardzo pomocna zar\u00f3wno w s\u0142owie pisanym, jak i codziennych rozmowach. Jak buduje si\u0119 mow\u0105 zale\u017cn\u0105 w j\u0119zyku angielskim? \ud83e\udd14 Podpowiadamy! <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Czym jest reported speech?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Reported speech to spos\u00f3b relacjonowania wypowiedzi innej osoby bez cytowania jej dos\u0142ownie. W przeciwie\u0144stwie do mowy bezpo\u015bredniej, gdzie u\u017cywamy dok\u0142adnych s\u0142\u00f3w m\u00f3wcy, w mowie zale\u017cnej dostosowujemy wypowied\u017a, cz\u0119sto zmieniaj\u0105c czasy, zaimki i okre\u015blenia czasu oraz miejsca, aby pasowa\u0142y do kontekstu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Czym\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Kiedy korzystamy z reported speech?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Mowa zale\u017cna jest u\u017cywana, gdy chcemy przekaza\u0107, co kto\u015b powiedzia\u0142, my\u015bla\u0142, pyta\u0142 lub sugerowa\u0142, nie cytuj\u0105c jego dok\u0142adnych s\u0142\u00f3w. Jest to szczeg\u00f3lnie przydatne w pisaniu formalnym, dziennikarstwie oraz wtedy, gdy chcemy stre\u015bci\u0107 czyj\u0105\u015b wypowied\u017a. \ud83c\udf99\ufe0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Przyk\u0142ady zastosowania<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Mowa zale\u017cna jest u\u017cywana w wielu sytuacjach, takich jak:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

Przekazywanie informacji us\u0142yszanych od innej osoby:<\/strong>
„I am going to the store.” \u279c She said she was going to the store.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Streszczanie tre\u015bci rozmowy lub dyskusji:<\/strong>
„We need to finish the project by Friday.” \u279c He mentioned that we needed to finish the project by Friday.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Relacjonowanie wydarze\u0144 w gazetach, raportach i innych publikacjach:<\/strong>
„The company will launch a new product next month.” \u279c It was announced that the company would launch a new product next month.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Relacjonowanie wypowiedzi w ksi\u0105\u017ckach i literaturze:<\/strong>
„I have always loved this place.”<\/em> \u279c The character in the novel said that he had always loved that place.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Podawanie relacji \u015bwiadk\u00f3w lub uczestnik\u00f3w zdarze\u0144:<\/strong>
„I saw the accident happen.” \u279c He said he had seen the accident happen.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Relacjonowanie przem\u00f3wie\u0144 lub prezentacji:<\/strong>
„Our company is leading in innovation.” \u279c The CEO stated that their company was leading in innovation.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\"Kiedy\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Reported speech: konstrukcja<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ca\u0142\u0105 trudno\u015b\u0107 w zbudowaniu zdania w mowie zale\u017cnej sprawia tzw. nast\u0119pstwo czas\u00f3w, czyli konieczno\u015b\u0107 \u201ccofni\u0119cia si\u0119\u201d o jeden czas. Oznacza to tyle, \u017ce musimy rozpozna\u0107 czas, kt\u00f3ry jest u\u017cyty w mowie niezale\u017cnej i stworzy\u0107 mow\u0119 niezale\u017cn\u0105 z czasem \u201cdo ty\u0142u\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Druga kwestia to reporting verb, czyli czasownik, kt\u00f3ry w og\u00f3le pozwala nam na wprowadzenie mowy zale\u017cnej, a wi\u0119c relacjonuje wypowied\u017a innej osoby.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Konstrukcja b\u0119dzie wygl\u0105da\u0107 nast\u0119puj\u0105co:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

OSOBA + REPORTING VERB + (THAT) + OSOBA + VERB (o czas do ty\u0142u)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Brzmi s\u0142abo? \ud83d\ude09 Teraz b\u0119dzie tylko \u0142atwiej, przejd\u017amy do przyk\u0142ad\u00f3w!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Direct Speech<\/th>Reported Speech<\/th>Przyk\u0142ad<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Present Simple<\/td>Past Simple<\/td>„I go to school.” \u2192 He said he went to school.<\/em><\/td><\/tr>
Present Continuous<\/td>Past Continuous<\/td>„I am eating.” \u2192 She said she was eating.<\/em><\/td><\/tr>
Present Perfect<\/td>Past Perfect<\/td>„I have seen it.” \u2192 He said he had seen it.<\/em><\/td><\/tr>
Past Simple<\/td>Past Perfect<\/td>„I saw her.” \u2192 She said she had seen her.<\/em><\/td><\/tr>
Past Continuous<\/td>Past Perfect Continuous<\/td>„I was reading.” \u2192 He said he had been reading.<\/em><\/td><\/tr>
Future Simple (will)<\/td>Would<\/td>„I will come.” \u2192 She said she would come.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Co jeszcze zmienia si\u0119 w mowie zale\u017cnej?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u017beby by\u0142o troch\u0119 trudniej, nie wystarczy zmiana czasu. \ud83d\ude04 Kilka innych element\u00f3w te\u017c trzeba zmieni\u0107. Jakie to elementy?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Okre\u015blenia czasu:
<\/strong>two days\/years ago \u279c two days\/years before
today \u279c that day
now \u279c then
this month \u279c that month
tomorrow \u279c the next day\/the following day
yesterday \u279c the day before\/the previous day<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Przyk\u0142ady:
<\/strong>„I will call you today.” \u279c She said she would call me that day.<\/em>
„We will meet tomorrow.” \u279c He said they would meet the next day.<\/em>
„I met her yesterday.” \u279c He said he had met her the day before.<\/em>
„I am busy now.” \u279c She said she was busy then.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Okre\u015blenia miejsca:
<\/strong>here \u279c there
in this place \u279c in that place<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Przyk\u0142ady:
<\/strong>„I am staying here.” \u279c He said he was staying there.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zaimki:
<\/strong>our \u279c their
my \u279c his\/her
this \u279c that
these \u279c those<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Przyk\u0142ady:
<\/strong>„This is my book.” \u279c She said that was her book.<\/em>
„These are my keys.” \u279c He said those were his keys.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Reporting\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Reporting verbs, czyli jak wprowadzi\u0107 mow\u0119 zale\u017cn\u0105 w zdaniu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Do wprowadzania mowy zale\u017cnej u\u017cywamy r\u00f3\u017cnych czasownik\u00f3w, zwanych reporting verbs, takich jak say, tell, ask, suggest, admit<\/strong>, etc. Wa\u017cne jest, aby u\u017cywa\u0107 odpowiedniego czasownika w zale\u017cno\u015bci od kontekstu wypowiedzi. \ud83d\ude04<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

Say:<\/strong>
U\u017cywamy, gdy chcemy po prostu zrelacjonowa\u0107 czyj\u0105\u015b wypowied\u017a.
„I am tired.”<\/em> \u279c She said she was tired.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tell:<\/strong>
U\u017cywamy, gdy wspominamy osob\u0119, do kt\u00f3rej by\u0142a skierowana wypowied\u017a.
„You should go now.”<\/em> \u279c He told me that I should go then.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ask:<\/strong>
U\u017cywamy w pytaniach.
„Are you coming?” \u279c She asked if I was coming.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Suggest:
<\/strong>U\u017cywamy, gdy m\u00f3wimy o propozycjach.
„Let’s go to the park.” \u279c He suggested going to the park.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Admit:<\/strong>
U\u017cywamy, gdy kto\u015b przyznaje si\u0119 do czego\u015b.
„I made a mistake.” \u279c She admitted that she had made a mistake.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Advise: <\/strong>
U\u017cywamy, gdy kto\u015b daje rad\u0119.
„You should see a doctor.” \u279c He advised me to see a doctor.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Warn: <\/strong>
U\u017cywamy, gdy kto\u015b ostrzega.
„Don’t touch that!” \u279c She warned me not to touch that.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Promise: <\/strong>
U\u017cywamy, gdy kto\u015b obiecuje co\u015b.
„I will help you.” \u279c He promised he would help me.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Agree:<\/strong>
U\u017cywamy, gdy kto\u015b si\u0119 zgadza.
„Yes, I’ll come to the meeting.” \u279c He agreed to come to the meeting.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Explain:<\/strong>
U\u017cywamy, gdy kto\u015b co\u015b wyja\u015bnia.
„This is how it works.” \u279c The teacher explained how it worked.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mention:<\/strong>
U\u017cywamy, gdy kto\u015b wspomina o czym\u015b
„I saw John at the party.” \u279c She mentioned that she had seen John at the party.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Refuse:<\/strong>
U\u017cywamy, gdy kto\u015b si\u0119 zgadza.
„I won’t do it.” \u279c She refused to do it.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Complain:<\/strong>
U\u017cywamy, gdy kto\u015b narzeka.
„The service is terrible.” \u279c He complained that the service was terrib<\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\"Reported\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Reported speech: tworzenie pyta\u0144<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Jak zbudowa\u0107 zdania pytaj\u0105ce? W mowie zale\u017cnej, szyk pytaj\u0105cy zmieniamy na szyk twierdz\u0105cy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Adam asked: \u201cWhat time is it?<\/em>\u201d<\/td> Adam asked what time it was.<\/em><\/td><\/tr>
She asked: \u201cWhen will you go?\u201d<\/em><\/td>She asked when would I go.<\/em><\/td><\/tr>
Carol asked me: \u201eDo you like pop music?\u201d <\/em><\/td>Carol asked me if I liked pop music.<\/em><\/td><\/tr>
John asked: \u201cWhy did you leave?\u201d <\/em><\/td>John asked me why I had left.<\/em><\/td><\/tr>
He asked: \u201cWhere were they?\u201d <\/em><\/td>He asked where they had been.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Pytania zaczynaj\u0105ce si\u0119 od s\u0142\u00f3w pytaj\u0105cych<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\n

„Where are you going?” \u279c She asked where I was going.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

„Why did you do that?” \u279c He asked why I had done that.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

„What time is it?” \u279c She asked what time it was.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Pytania tak\/nie<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Pytania, na kt\u00f3re odpowiada si\u0119 „tak” lub „nie”, w mowie zale\u017cnej wprowadzamy za pomoc\u0105 „if” lub „whether”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

„Do you like pizza?” \u279c He asked if I liked pizza.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

„Have you seen this movie?” \u279c She asked whether I had seen that movie.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

„Is he coming with us?” \u279c They asked if he was coming with them.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\"Nast\u0119pstwo\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Nast\u0119pstwo czas\u00f3w w mowie zale\u017cnej<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Rzeczywi\u015bcie zmiana czasu przy budowaniu mowy zale\u017cnej mo\u017ce sprawia\u0107 problemy. Trzeba po\u015bwi\u0119ci\u0107 nieco czasu, \u017ceby wgry\u017a\u0107 si\u0119 w temat. W efekcie cofni\u0119cie si\u0119 o jeden czas b\u0119dzie przychodzi\u0107 naturalnie. \ud83e\udd17

Aby u\u0142atwi\u0107 sobie nauk\u0119, warto zapami\u0119ta\u0107 zale\u017cno\u015bci mi\u0119dzy czasami. Kt\u00f3ry wymieniamy na kt\u00f3ry?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Czasy tera\u017aniejsze <\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Zamienimy je na ich odpowiedniki w czasie przesz\u0142ym. Czyli:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Present Simple \u279c Past Simple<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Przyk\u0142ad:
<\/strong>\u201eWe<\/em>\u2019re<\/em><\/strong> Polish\u201d she said.
She said they <\/em>were<\/em><\/strong> Polish.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Present Continuous \u279c Past Continuous<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Przyk\u0142ad:
<\/strong>Adam: \u201cI\u2019<\/em>m<\/em><\/strong> reading a book.\u201d
Adam said that he <\/em>was<\/em><\/strong> reading a book.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Present Perfect \u279c Past Perfect<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Przyk\u0142ad:
<\/strong>She said: \u201eI <\/em>have<\/em><\/strong> <\/em>won<\/em><\/strong> 1000 PLN\u201d.
She said that she <\/em>had won <\/em><\/strong>1000 PLN.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Present Perfect Continuous \u279c Past Perfect Continuous<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Przyk\u0142ad:
<\/strong>Charlie: \u201cI <\/em>have been living<\/em><\/strong> here for 10 years.\u201d<\/em>
Charlie said he <\/em>had been living<\/em><\/strong> there for 10 years.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Czasy\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Czasy przesz\u0142e<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Czasy przesz\u0142e zmieniamy\u2026 na inne czasy przesz\u0142e. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wed\u0142ug jakiej zasady?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Past Simple \u279c Past Perfect<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Przyk\u0142ad:
<\/strong>He said: \u201eWe <\/em>were<\/em><\/strong> in the cinema yesterday\u201d.
He said they <\/em>had been<\/em><\/strong> in the cinema the day before.<\/em>
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Past Continuous \u279c Past Perfect Continuous<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Przyk\u0142ad:
<\/strong>Avah: \u201cI <\/em>was<\/em><\/strong> <\/em>sleeping<\/em><\/strong> when they left home.\u201d
Avah said that she <\/em>had been sleeping<\/em><\/strong> when they had left home.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Past Perfect \u279c Past Perfect<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Przyk\u0142ad:
<\/strong>Lucy said: \u201cI <\/em>had<\/em><\/strong> <\/em>finished<\/em><\/strong> school before you were born.\u201d
Lucy said that she <\/em>had finished<\/em><\/strong> school before I had been born.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Past Perfect Continuous \u279c Past Perfect Continuous<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Przyk\u0142ad:
<\/strong>Harry: \u201cI <\/em>had been reading<\/em><\/strong> this book for 2 months\u201d.
Harry said he <\/em>had been reading<\/em><\/strong> that book for 2 months.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Czasy przysz\u0142e<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

W czasach przysz\u0142ych zasada jest prosta. S\u0142owo will<\/em> ka\u017cdorazowo zamieniamy na would<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Future Simple<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Przyk\u0142ad:
<\/strong>Our Dad said: \u201cI <\/em>will<\/em><\/strong> <\/em>buy<\/em><\/strong> this vacuum for us\u201d.
Our Dad said he <\/em>would buy<\/em><\/strong> that vacuum for us<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Future Continuous<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Przyk\u0142ad:
<\/strong>He said: \u201cI <\/em>will be waiting<\/em><\/strong> for my friend\u201d.
He said he <\/em>would be waiting<\/em><\/strong> for his friend.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Future Perfect<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Przyk\u0142ad:
<\/strong>Kate: \u201cI <\/em>will have finished<\/em><\/strong> my paper by tomorrow\u201d.
Kate said that she <\/em>would have finished<\/em><\/strong> her paper by the next day.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Future Perfect Continuous<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Przyk\u0142ad:
<\/strong>Megan said: \u201cBy next week I <\/em>will have been writing<\/em><\/strong> this letter for over two weeks\u201d.
Megan said by the following week she <\/em>would have been<\/em><\/strong> <\/em>writing<\/em><\/strong> that letter for over two weeks.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Czasowniki\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Czasowniki modalne w mowie zale\u017cnej <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Niekt\u00f3re czasowniki modalne r\u00f3wnie\u017c ulegaj\u0105 zmianie w mowie zale\u017cnej:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

can \u279c could
must \u279c had to
may \u279c might
will \u279c would
shall \u279c should<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Przyk\u0142ady:<\/strong>
„I can swim.” \u2192 He said he could swim.<\/em>
„You must finish your homework.” \u2192 The teacher said we had to finish our homework.<\/em>
„It may rain.”\u2192 She said it might rain.<\/em>
„She will come.” \u2192 They said she would come.<\/em>
„Shall we dance?” \u2192 He asked if they should dance.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pro\u015bby i polecenia w reported speech<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

W pro\u015bbach i poleceniach w mowie zale\u017cnej u\u017cywamy czasownik\u00f3w takich jak tell, ask, order, advise.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pro\u015bby:<\/strong>
„Please, open the window.” \u279c She asked me to open the window.<\/em>
„Could you help me?” \u279c He asked if I could help him.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Polecenia:<\/strong>
„Don’t touch it.” \u279c He told me not to touch it.<\/em>
„Finish your work.” \u279c The boss ordered us to finish our work.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rady:<\/strong>
„You should see a doctor.” \u279c He advised me to see a doctor.<\/em>
„Don’t eat too much sugar.” \u279c She advised me not to eat too much sugar.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ostrze\u017cenia:<\/strong>
„Be careful with that.” \u279c He warned me to be careful with that.<\/em>
„Don’t go there.” \u279c She warned us not to go there.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Reported\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Reported speech: wyj\u0105tki od regu\u0142y<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Nie zawsze zmieniamy czas w reported speech. \ud83e\udd13 Niekt\u00f3re wyj\u0105tki obejmuj\u0105 sytuacje, gdy czasownik w mowie bezpo\u015bredniej ju\u017c odnosi si\u0119 do przesz\u0142o\u015bci lub gdy wypowied\u017a dotyczy og\u00f3lnych prawd, w\u00f3wczas czas nie ulega zmianie. Wyj\u0105tki obejmuj\u0105:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fakty naukowe:
<\/strong>„Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.” \u279c The teacher said that water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prawdy og\u00f3lne:
<\/strong>„Honesty is the best policy.” \u279c She believed that honesty is the best policy.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wypowiedzi, kt\u00f3re s\u0105 nadal prawdziwe w momencie relacjonowania:
<\/strong>„I live in New York.” \u279c He said he lives in New York.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wypowiedzi dotycz\u0105ce przysz\u0142o\u015bci, kt\u00f3ra jest pewna:<\/strong>
„The sun will rise tomorrow.” \u279c He said that the sun will rise tomorrow.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sytuacje, gdy czasownik w mowie bezpo\u015bredniej ju\u017c odnosi si\u0119 do przesz\u0142o\u015bci:
<\/strong>„She said she had seen the movie.” \u279c She said she had seen the movie.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wypowiedzi zawieraj\u0105ce formy grzeczno\u015bciowe, kt\u00f3re nie ulegaj\u0105 zmianie:<\/strong><\/strong>
„May I leave the room?” \u279c <\/em>He asked if he might leave the room.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reported Speech – cz\u0119ste pytania<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Co to znaczy reported speech?<\/strong>

Reported speech (mowa zale\u017cna) oznacza relacjonowanie czyich\u015b wypowiedzi bez cytowania ich dos\u0142ownie.<\/p> <\/div>

Jak przekszta\u0142ca\u0107 zdania w reported speech? <\/strong>

Aby przekszta\u0142ci\u0107 zdania w reported speech, zmieniamy czasownik na form\u0119 przesz\u0142\u0105, zaimki osobowe i przys\u0142\u00f3wki czasu oraz miejsca, a zdanie wprowadzamy cz\u0119sto za pomoc\u0105 „that” (np. „He said, 'I am going’ zmienia si\u0119 na „He said that he was going”).<\/p> <\/div>

Jak zmieniaj\u0105 si\u0119 czasy w reported speech? <\/strong>

W reported speech „cofamy si\u0119” o jeden czas. Zmieniaj\u0105 si\u0119 one nast\u0119puj\u0105co: present simple na past simple, present continuous na past continuous, present perfect na past perfect, past simple na past perfect, a will na would.<\/p> <\/div>

Jak tworzy\u0107 pytania w reported speech? <\/strong>

Tworz\u0105c pytania w reported speech, stosujemy szyk zdania oznajmuj\u0105cego i u\u017cywamy odpowiednich zaimk\u00f3w oraz czas\u00f3w.<\/p> <\/div>

Kiedy u\u017cywamy reported speech? <\/strong>

Reported speech u\u017cywamy, gdy chcemy przekaza\u0107, co kto\u015b powiedzia\u0142, nie cytuj\u0105c jego dok\u0142adnych s\u0142\u00f3w.<\/p> <\/div> <\/div>\n\n\n

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Zmieniaj\u0105 si\u0119 one nast\u0119puj\u0105co: present simple na past simple, present continuous na past continuous, present perfect na past perfect, past simple na past perfect, a will na would.","inLanguage":"pl-PL"},"inLanguage":"pl-PL"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/www.fluentbe.com\/pl\/blog\/reported-speech\/#faq-question-1716472901256","position":4,"url":"https:\/\/www.fluentbe.com\/pl\/blog\/reported-speech\/#faq-question-1716472901256","name":"Jak tworzy\u0107 pytania w reported speech?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Tworz\u0105c pytania w reported speech, stosujemy szyk zdania oznajmuj\u0105cego i u\u017cywamy odpowiednich zaimk\u00f3w oraz czas\u00f3w.","inLanguage":"pl-PL"},"inLanguage":"pl-PL"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/www.fluentbe.com\/pl\/blog\/reported-speech\/#faq-question-1716472926312","position":5,"url":"https:\/\/www.fluentbe.com\/pl\/blog\/reported-speech\/#faq-question-1716472926312","name":"Kiedy u\u017cywamy reported speech?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Reported speech u\u017cywamy, gdy chcemy przekaza\u0107, co kto\u015b powiedzia\u0142, nie cytuj\u0105c jego dok\u0142adnych s\u0142\u00f3w.","inLanguage":"pl-PL"},"inLanguage":"pl-PL"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentbe.com\/pl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4065","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentbe.com\/pl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentbe.com\/pl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentbe.com\/pl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentbe.com\/pl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4065"}],"version-history":[{"count":91,"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentbe.com\/pl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4065\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4545,"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentbe.com\/pl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4065\/revisions\/4545"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentbe.com\/pl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4070"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentbe.com\/pl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4065"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentbe.com\/pl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4065"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentbe.com\/pl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4065"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}