{"id":258,"date":"2018-11-28T13:25:55","date_gmt":"2018-11-28T12:25:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.fluentbe.com\/pl\/?p=258"},"modified":"2023-01-27T19:34:41","modified_gmt":"2023-01-27T18:34:41","slug":"angielskie-homofony-homografy-i-homonimy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fluentbe.com\/pl\/blog\/angielskie-homofony-homografy-i-homonimy\/","title":{"rendered":"Angielskie homofony, homografy i homonimy"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Homofony, homografy, homonimy<\/b> – co to w\u0142a\u015bciwie jest i jak si\u0119 w tym nie pogubi\u0107? <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sam przedrostek \u201chomo\u201d oznacza: <\/span>taki sam, jednakowy, podobny<\/span><\/i>. To ju\u017c nam podpowiada, \u017ce chodzi o s\u0142\u00f3wka, kt\u00f3re s\u0105 w pewien spos\u00f3b pokrewne. <\/span>Homonimy<\/b> to wyrazy o identycznym brzmieniu lub pisowni (czasem jedno i drugie – tak zwane \u201cprawdziwe homonimy\u201d), ale o r\u00f3\u017cnym znaczeniu. W\u015br\u00f3d nich rozr\u00f3\u017cniamy homofony i homografy. Jak je rozpozna\u0107?

Przeczytajcie artyku\u0142, aby pozna\u0107 angielskie homofony i homografy, ich definicje oraz r\u00f3\u017cnice mi\u0119dzy nimi. To dobry spos\u00f3b na utrwalenie wiedzy, kt\u00f3r\u0105 mo\u017cecie zdoby\u0107 podczas kursu angielskiego online<\/a> z native speakerem lub lektorem polskim. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Baner<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Angielskie homofony<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Homofonia to \u00abidentyczno\u015b\u0107 fonetyczna wyraz\u00f3w r\u00f3\u017cnych pod wzgl\u0119dem pisowni i znaczenia\u00bb. To znaczy, \u017ce <\/span>homofony<\/b> to s\u0142owa, kt\u00f3re brzmi\u0105 tak samo, jednak zupe\u0142nie inaczej si\u0119 je pisze. Maj\u0105 te\u017c r\u00f3\u017cne znaczenia. Czasami r\u00f3wnie\u017c wymowa si\u0119 lekko r\u00f3\u017cni, ale przy swobodnej, szybkiej wypowiedzi, brzmi\u0105 naprawd\u0119 identycznie.<\/span>
<\/span>W j\u0119zyku polskim wyst\u0119puje ca\u0142kiem sporo homofon\u00f3w. Pewnie teraz nie przychodzi Wam nic do g\u0142owy? Sp\u00f3jrzcie na poni\u017csze przyk\u0142ady, a dostaniecie ol\u015bnienia. \ud83d\ude09<\/span>
<\/span>
<\/span>Polskie homofony:
<\/span>
<\/span>morze – mo\u017ce
<\/span>lud – l\u00f3d
<\/span>smok – smog
<\/span>zwarzy\u0107 – zwa\u017cy\u0107
<\/span>cho\u0107 – chod\u017a
<\/span>grad – grat<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jak widzicie, pisownia i znaczenie tych s\u0142\u00f3w zupe\u0142nie si\u0119 r\u00f3\u017cni\u0105. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Patrz\u0105c na te s\u0142owa, czy nawet czytaj\u0105c je na g\u0142os, pewnie zauwa\u017cacie rozbie\u017cno\u015b\u0107. Ale czy zauwa\u017cycie j\u0105, je\u015bli kto\u015b powie te s\u0142owa szybko i niedbale? A je\u015bli b\u0119dzie to dotyczy\u0107 s\u0142\u00f3w angielskich? Sprawa si\u0119 komplikuje. \ud83d\ude09 <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sp\u00f3jrzcie na <\/span>angielskie homofony<\/b>. Kliknijcie w dane s\u0142\u00f3wko, aby pos\u0142ucha\u0107 wymowy!<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

meet (spotkanie)  –      meat (mi\u0119so)
<\/span>cue (znak, wskaz\u00f3wka) –     queue (kolejka, np, w sklepie)
<\/span>sea (morze) –    see (widzie\u0107, zobaczy\u0107)
heal (wyleczy\u0107, uzdrawia\u0107) –    heel (obcas)
<\/span>weak (s\u0142aby) –    week (tydzie\u0144)
<\/span>grate (ruszt, krata) –    great (\u015bwietny, wspania\u0142y)
<\/span>bye (cze\u015b\u0107, pa!) –    buy (kupi\u0107)
leak (przeciek, nieszczelno\u015b\u0107) –    leek (por)
<\/span>hole (dziura) –    whole (ca\u0142o\u015b\u0107) 
<\/span>hi (cze\u015b\u0107) –    high (wysoki)
<\/span>feat (osi\u0105gni\u0119cie, wyczyn) –    feet (stopy) <\/span>
<\/span>
<\/span>Teraz Wy spr\u00f3bujcie przeczyta\u0107 je na g\u0142os. Czy brzmi\u0105 podobnie?<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Angielskie homografy<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Wiemy ju\u017c, \u017ce chodzi o pewn\u0105 zbie\u017cno\u015b\u0107 s\u0142\u00f3w. Tym razem, podobie\u0144stwo dotyczy pisowni. <\/span>Homografy<\/b> to s\u0142owa, kt\u00f3re pisze si\u0119 tak samo, ale maj\u0105 inne znaczenie. Czasami r\u00f3\u017cni si\u0119 te\u017c ich wymowa.
Ponownie mo\u017cemy oprze\u0107 si\u0119 na polskich przyk\u0142adach, \u017ceby lepiej zrozumie\u0107, czym s\u0105 homografy. Tylko sp\u00f3jrzcie:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

ZAMEK<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. budynek<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. b\u0142yskawiczny, suwak<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    \u017bURAW <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    1. ptak <\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n
    2. d\u017awig na budowie<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

      P\u0104CZEK<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      1. ciastko <\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n
      2. kwiatu, na ga\u0142\u0119zi drzewa<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

        PILOT<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n
        1. do telewizora <\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n
        2. steruj\u0105cy samolotem<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

          Tu jest jeszcze trudniej. Nie do\u015b\u0107, \u017ce s\u0142owa brzmi\u0105 tak samo, to jeszcze wygl\u0105daj\u0105 identycznie. A jak si\u0119 ma sprawa w j\u0119zyku angielskim?<\/span>
          <\/span>Poni\u017cej przyk\u0142ady <\/span>angielskich homograf\u00f3w<\/b>:<\/span>
          <\/span>
          <\/span>NAIL <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \n
          1. gw\u00f3\u017ad\u017a <\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n
          2. paznokie\u0107<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

            SINK <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \n
            1. umywalka <\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n
            2. ton\u0105\u0107, zanurzy\u0107 si\u0119<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

              TYPE <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \n
              1. rodzaj <\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n
              2. pisa\u0107 na maszynie<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                WATCH <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \n
                1. ogl\u0105da\u0107 <\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                2. zegarek<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                  CAN <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \n
                  1. puszka <\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  2. potrafi\u0107, m\u00f3c<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                    BACK <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      \n
                    1. wraca\u0107 <\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    2. plecy<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                      JUST <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                        \n
                      1. sprawiedliwy <\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                      2. po prostu<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                        DIGEST <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          \n
                        1. skr\u00f3t, przegl\u0105d<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                        2. trawi\u0107<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                          WAVE <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            \n
                          1. macha\u0107<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                          2. fala<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n
                            \n
                            \"Okna\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

                            Lista homograf\u00f3w jest du\u017co d\u0142u\u017csza. Nie trzeba si\u0119 jej uczy\u0107 na pami\u0119\u0107. Najwa\u017cniejsze to mie\u0107 \u015bwiadomo\u015b\u0107, \u017ce co\u015b takiego wyst\u0119puje w j\u0119zyku, a s\u0142owo, kt\u00f3re s\u0142yszymy (i widzimy!), mo\u017ce znaczy\u0107 zupe\u0142nie co innego.
                            Homografy to s\u0142owa, kt\u00f3re wygl\u0105daj\u0105 tak samo, cho\u0107 maj\u0105 inne znaczenie.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            Jak zapanowa\u0107 nad homofonami i homografami?<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

                            Zazwyczaj przy pojedynczych s\u0142owach, nie jeste\u015bmy w stanie okre\u015bli\u0107 ich znaczenia. Aby to zrobi\u0107, potrzebny nam kontekst. S\u0142ysz\u0105c ca\u0142e zdanie (czy nawet rozmow\u0119), jest nam du\u017co \u0142atwiej stwierdzi\u0107, co autor mia\u0142 na my\u015bli. \ud83d\ude09<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            Sp\u00f3jrzcie na przyk\u0142ady, kt\u00f3re \u015bwietnie pokazuj\u0105, jak kontekst ma znaczenie. I jaki bywa pomocny w zrozumieniu drugiej osoby!<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            Plants can\u2019t <\/span>live<\/b> without water.
                            <\/span>U2 is singing <\/span>live<\/b> on TV tonight.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            Can you see me in the photo? I\u2019m in the back <\/span>row<\/b> on the left.
                            <\/span>He had just had a <\/span>row<\/b> with his wife.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            I don\u2019t eat <\/span>meat<\/b>.
                            <\/span>Let\u2019s<\/span> meet<\/b> for dinner.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            You can stay at <\/span>our<\/b> house.
                            <\/span>The exam lasted an <\/span>hour<\/b> and a half.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            She felt<\/span> weak<\/b> with emotion at the sight of him.
                            <\/span>I go to the cinema about once a <\/span>week<\/b>.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            You’re going to <\/span>die<\/b> soon.
                            <\/span>I want to <\/span>dye<\/b> my hair. What do you think?<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            Czy wiecie ju\u017c na czym polegaj\u0105 homofony i homografy? Umiecie je rozr\u00f3\u017cni\u0107? Na pewno wiele z nich poznacie podczas kursu angielskiego online<\/a>.
                            A mo\u017ce macie swoje pomys\u0142y na wyrazy, kt\u00f3re si\u0119 tak samo wymawia lub pisze, cho\u0107 znacz\u0105 co innego?<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n

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                            \n <\/span>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                            Czym s\u0105 homonimy? Jak je rozr\u00f3\u017ani\u0107 i rozpozna\u0107? Jak zrozumie\u0107 co oznacza dany wyraz? Poznaj angielskie homofony i homografy!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":270,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-258","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-angielski-wymowa"],"yoast_head":"\nAngielskie homofony, homografy i homonimy - Fluentbe Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Czym s\u0105 homonimy? Jak je rozr\u00f3\u017ani\u0107 i rozpozna\u0107? Jak zrozumie\u0107 co oznacza dany wyraz? 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