{"id":198,"date":"2022-09-27T09:24:25","date_gmt":"2022-09-27T09:24:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fluentbe.com\/cz\/blog\/?p=198"},"modified":"2022-09-27T09:39:11","modified_gmt":"2022-09-27T09:39:11","slug":"alzbeta-ii-historie-kralovny","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fluentbe.com\/cz\/blog\/alzbeta-ii-historie-kralovny\/","title":{"rendered":"Al\u017eb\u011bta II. – p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh britsk\u00e9 kr\u00e1lovny"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Ve \u010dtvrtek 8. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2022 zem\u0159ela ve v\u011bku 96 let kr\u00e1lovna Spojen\u00e9ho kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nie a Severn\u00edho Irska Al\u017eb\u011bta II. Jedn\u00e1 se bezpochyby o v\u00fdznamnou ud\u00e1lost, kter\u00e1 se zap\u00ed\u0161e do historie. Kr\u00e1lovnu oplak\u00e1vaj\u00ed nejen Britov\u00e9, ale cel\u00fd sv\u011bt. Je to jednozna\u010dn\u00e9: jedna \u00e9ra skon\u010dila. Nen\u00ed divu, \u017ee kr\u00e1lovna Al\u017eb\u011bta sed\u011bla na britsk\u00e9m tr\u016fnu 70 let. Za tu dobu se stala jakousi ikonou. Jak\u00fd byl jej\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh? Vypr\u00e1v\u00edme p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
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Syst\u00e9m ve Spojen\u00e9m kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Politick\u00fd syst\u00e9m Spojen\u00e9ho kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nie a Severn\u00edho Irska je parlamentn\u00ed monarchie s vl\u00e1dn\u00edm parlamentn\u00edm syst\u00e9mem. Je t\u0159eba poznamenat, \u017ee Spojen\u00e9 kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed je jedinou zem\u00ed v Evrop\u011b s t\u00edmto syst\u00e9mem a jednou z m\u00e1la zem\u00ed, kde je hlavou st\u00e1tu kr\u00e1l nebo kr\u00e1lovna.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mezi nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed org\u00e1ny Spojen\u00e9ho kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed panovn\u00edk, dvoukomorov\u00fd parlament a vl\u00e1da s p\u0159edsedou vl\u00e1dy. Specifick\u00fdm rysem syst\u00e9mu je absence \u00fastavy ve form\u00e1ln\u00edm smyslu. M\u00edsto toho je st\u00e1tn\u00ed syst\u00e9m informov\u00e1n \u00fastavou v materi\u00e1ln\u00edm smyslu, tj. souhrnem norem a pravidel t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edch se v\u00fdkonu moci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Spojen\u00e9 kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed je d\u011bdi\u010dnou monarchi\u00ed. Teoreticky je v kr\u00e1lovsk\u00fdch rukou pln\u00e1 z\u00e1konod\u00e1rn\u00e1 a v\u00fdkonn\u00e1 moc. Je v\u0161ak t\u0159eba m\u00edt na pam\u011bti, \u017ee v souladu s uzn\u00e1vanou z\u00e1sadou, \u017ee kr\u00e1l vl\u00e1dne, ale nevl\u00e1dne, byla tato pravomoc omezena ve prosp\u011bch parlamentu, p\u0159edsedy vl\u00e1dy a kabinetu. Kr\u00e1l m\u016f\u017ee v r\u00e1mci sv\u00fdch pravomoc\u00ed mimo jin\u00e9:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  • vyhl\u00e1sit v\u00e1lku a uzav\u0159\u00edt m\u00edr<\/li>
  • jmenovat vojensk\u00e9 d\u016fstojn\u00edky<\/li>
  • velet ozbrojen\u00fdm sil\u00e1m<\/li>
  • vyd\u00e1vat cestovn\u00ed pasy<\/li>
  • p\u0159ij\u00edmat zahrani\u010dn\u00ed diplomaty a jmenovat britsk\u00e9 velvyslance v jin\u00fdch zem\u00edch<\/li>
  • jmenovat v\u0161echny vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edky<\/li>
  • schvalovat z\u00e1kony<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    Kr\u00e1lovna Al\u017eb\u011bta II. – historie<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Al\u017eb\u011bta, nebo sp\u00ed\u0161e Elizabeth Alexandra Mary, se narodila 21. dubna 1926 v Lond\u00fdn\u011b jako dcera kr\u00e1le Ji\u0159\u00edho VI. a jeho man\u017eelky Elizabeth Bowes-Lyonov\u00e9. V roce 1936, kdy bylo Al\u017eb\u011bt\u011b 10 let, se stala prvn\u00ed v n\u00e1stupnick\u00e9 linii, kdy\u017e se jej\u00ed otec stal kr\u00e1lem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    V listopadu 1947 se Al\u017eb\u011bta provdala za Filipa p\u0159ed kamerami ve Westminstersk\u00e9m opatstv\u00ed. Recepce se z\u00fa\u010dastnilo v\u00edce ne\u017e 2 000 lid\u00ed. Ze svazku vze\u0161ly \u010dty\u0159i d\u011bti: Charles, Anne, Andrew a Edward.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Al\u017eb\u011btin otec, tehdej\u0161\u00ed kr\u00e1l, zem\u0159el 6. \u00fanora 1952 na infarkt. Den po jeho smrti byla Al\u017eb\u011bta prohl\u00e1\u0161ena kr\u00e1lovnou Spojen\u00e9ho kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed. Korunovace se konala 2. \u010dervna 1953. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Kr\u00e1lovna Al\u017eb\u011bta II. byla formalistka, kter\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edsn\u011b dodr\u017eovala kr\u00e1lovsk\u00fd protokol. D\u00e1vala si mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fd pozor na sv\u016fj od\u011bv a tak\u00e9 si d\u00e1vala pozor, aby se j\u00ed nikdo nedot\u00fdkal (krom\u011b pod\u00e1n\u00ed ruky na pozdrav). Kr\u00e1lovna byla mezi sv\u00fdmi krajany obl\u00edben\u00e1, i kdy\u017e jej\u00ed image se po chladn\u00e9 reakci na smrt princezny Diany rozpadla. Byl j\u00ed tak\u00e9 vyt\u00fdk\u00e1n monot\u00f3nn\u00ed a form\u00e1ln\u00ed t\u00f3n \u0159e\u010di, lhostejnost ke skand\u00e1l\u016fm, kter\u00e9 zp\u016fsobili \u010dlenov\u00e9 jej\u00ed rodiny, neschopnost pron\u00e9st projev bez karty nebo obrovsk\u00e9ho jm\u011bn\u00ed. Al\u017eb\u011bt\u011b se v\u0161ak poda\u0159ilo znovu z\u00edskat p\u0159\u00edze\u0148 britsk\u00e9ho lidu. V soukrom\u00ed byla kr\u00e1lovna Al\u017eb\u011bta II. milovnic\u00ed kon\u00ed a ps\u016f corgi (dokonce se j\u00ed vy\u010d\u00edtalo, \u017ee je m\u00e1 rad\u011bji ne\u017e vlastn\u00ed d\u011bti). Jej\u00ed v\u00e1\u0161n\u00ed bylo tak\u00e9 fotografov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Zem\u0159ela obklopena sv\u00fdmi nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00edmi 8. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2022, bylo ozn\u00e1meno v m\u00e9di\u00edch v 18:30 m\u00edstn\u00edho \u010dasu. Na tr\u016fn po n\u00ed nastoupil jej\u00ed nejstar\u0161\u00ed syn, princ Charles z Walesu, jako kr\u00e1l Karel III. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Al\u017eb\u011bta II – zaj\u00edmavosti<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    A\u010dkoli byla kr\u00e1lovna Al\u017eb\u011bta II. pova\u017eov\u00e1na za chladnou a p\u0159edv\u00eddatelnou osobu, o zaj\u00edmavosti z jej\u00edho \u017eivota nen\u00ed nouze. Co jste pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b nev\u011bd\u011bli o britsk\u00e9 kr\u00e1lovn\u011b?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    • Kr\u00e1lovna m\u011bla za sv\u016fj \u017eivot v\u00edce ne\u017e 30 ps\u016f corgi.<\/li>
    • Kr\u00e1lovna m\u011bla de\u0161tn\u00edk, kter\u00fd se hodil ke ka\u017ed\u00e9mu stylu. M\u011bla tak\u00e9 obl\u00edbenou zna\u010dku kabelek – jej\u00ed sb\u00edrka obsahovala v\u00edce ne\u017e 200 kabelek britsk\u00e9 zna\u010dky Launer.<\/li>
    • Kr\u00e1lovna v\u017edy cestovala s vlastn\u00edm z\u00e1chodov\u00fdm prk\u00e9nkem a vlastn\u00edm zape\u010det\u011bn\u00fdm toaletn\u00edm pap\u00edrem. Pe\u010de\u0165 mohla poru\u0161it pouze kr\u00e1lovna nebo jej\u00ed man\u017eel, princ Philip.<\/li>
    • Za 70 let vl\u00e1dy Al\u017eb\u011bty II. se v \u00fa\u0159adu vyst\u0159\u00eddalo v\u00edce ne\u017e deset britsk\u00fdch premi\u00e9r\u016f, 14 americk\u00fdch prezident\u016f a sedm pape\u017e\u016f.<\/li>
    • Kr\u00e1lovna podnikla v\u00edce ne\u017e 250 zahrani\u010dn\u00edch cest do 115 zem\u00ed<\/li>
    • Al\u017eb\u011bta II. z\u00edskala pr\u00e1vo \u0159\u00eddit v 19 letech, ale \u0159idi\u010dsk\u00fd pr\u016fkaz nepot\u0159ebovala.<\/li>
    • Postava kr\u00e1lovny Al\u017eb\u011bty II. byla ztv\u00e1rn\u011bna ve v\u00edce ne\u017e 100 filmech a televizn\u00edch seri\u00e1lech.<\/li>
    • Al\u017eb\u011bt\u011b II. \u0159\u00edkali jej\u00ed nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed „Lilibet“. Pro\u010d? V d\u011btstv\u00ed nedok\u00e1zala spr\u00e1vn\u011b vyslovit sv\u00e9 jm\u00e9no Elizabeth a vyslovovala ho m\u00edrn\u011b zkomolen\u011b.<\/li>
    • Kr\u00e1lovna ka\u017ed\u00fd ve\u010der p\u0159ed span\u00edm vypila sklenku \u0161ampa\u0148sk\u00e9ho.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      <\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Co vy na to? P\u0159ipad\u00e1 v\u00e1m \u017eivot kr\u00e1lovny zaj\u00edmav\u00fd? Na jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b je to \u0159ada vymo\u017eenost\u00ed a p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed k pozn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u011bta, na stran\u011b druh\u00e9 v\u0161udyp\u0159\u00edtomn\u00e1 o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a pravidla, kter\u00e1 se od \u010dlen\u016f kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9 rodiny o\u010dek\u00e1vaj\u00ed. Dok\u00e1zali byste takhle \u017e\u00edt?<\/p>\n\n\n

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      \n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Ve \u010dtvrtek 8. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2022 zem\u0159ela ve v\u011bku 96 let kr\u00e1lovna Spojen\u00e9ho kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nie a Severn\u00edho Irska Al\u017eb\u011bta II….<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":199,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-198","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uceni-anglicky"],"yoast_head":"\nAl\u017eb\u011bta II. - p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh britsk\u00e9 kr\u00e1lovny - Fluentbe Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Kr\u00e1lovna Al\u017eb\u011bta II. je bezpochyby v\u00fdznamnou osobnost\u00ed britsk\u00fdch d\u011bjin. Jak\u00fd byl jej\u00ed \u017eivot? Pod\u00edvejte se na p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh kr\u00e1lovny!\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentbe.com\/cz\/blog\/alzbeta-ii-historie-kralovny\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Al\u017eb\u011bta II. - p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh britsk\u00e9 kr\u00e1lovny - Fluentbe Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Kr\u00e1lovna Al\u017eb\u011bta II. je bezpochyby v\u00fdznamnou osobnost\u00ed britsk\u00fdch d\u011bjin. Jak\u00fd byl jej\u00ed \u017eivot? 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